R. Lenz and M. Reichert, IT support for healthcare processes ??? premises, challenges, perspectives, Data & Knowledge Engineering, vol.61, issue.1, pp.39-58, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.datak.2006.04.007

A. Rosenthal, P. Mork, M. H. Li, J. Stanford, D. Koester et al., Cloud computing: A new business paradigm for biomedical information sharing, Journal of Biomedical Informatics, vol.43, issue.2, pp.342-352, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jbi.2009.08.014

P. Simon and D. Acker, La place de la télémédecine dans l'organisation des soins Available at: www.sante.gouv.fr, 2016.

N. Van-den-berg, M. Schumann, K. Kraft, and W. Hoffmann, Telemedicine and telecare for older patients???A systematic review, Maturitas, vol.73, issue.2, pp.94-114, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.maturitas.2012.06.010

C. Milligan, C. Roberts, and M. Mort, Telecare and older people: Who cares where?, Social Science & Medicine, vol.72, issue.3, pp.347-354, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.08.014

L. M. Kern, Y. Barrónbarr´barrón, R. V. Dhopeshwarkar, A. Edwards, R. Kaushal et al., Electronic Health Records and Ambulatory Quality of Care, Journal of General Internal Medicine, vol.25, issue.4, pp.496-503, 2013.
DOI : 10.1007/s11606-010-1262-8

R. E. Scott, e-Records in health???Preserving our future, International Journal of Medical Informatics, vol.76, issue.5-6, pp.427-431, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2006.09.007

D. Salvi, J. Gorman, M. T. Arredondo, C. Vera-munoz, M. Ottaviano et al., A platform for the development of patient applications in the domain of personalized health, Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, vol.107, issue.1, pp.45-52, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cmpb.2012.03.006

S. Rao, C. Brammer, A. Mckethan, and M. B. Buntin, Health Information Technology, Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice, vol.39, issue.2, pp.327-344, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.pop.2012.03.006

J. R. Shah, M. B. Murtaza, and E. Opara, Electronic health records: challenges and opportunities, J. of Int. Technology and Inf. Management, vol.23, issue.3, pp.189-204, 2014.

I. R. Bardhan and M. F. Thouin, Health information technology and its impact on the quality and cost of healthcare delivery, Decision Support Systems, vol.55, issue.2, pp.438-449, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.dss.2012.10.003

A. T. Association and A. L. Neves, Arizona and montana governors sign telemedicine bills into law Avail- able at: http://dev.americantelemed.org/news- landingarizona-and-montana-governors- sign-telemedicine-bills-into-law French boost european telemedicine, Canadian Medical Assoc. J, vol.10, issue.183 7, pp.387-388, 2011.

P. Suter, W. N. Suter, and D. Johnston, Theory-based telehealth and patient empowerment Patient-centeredness in integrated healthcare delivery systems -needs, expectations and priorities for organized healthcare systems, Population Health Management Int. J. of Integrated Care, vol.14, issue.13, pp.87-92, 2011.

L. R. Martin, S. M. Williams, K. B. Haskard, and M. R. Dimatteo, The challenge of patient adherence, Therapeutics and Clin. Risk Management, vol.1, issue.3, pp.189-199, 2005.

P. A. Clark, K. Capuzzi, and J. Harrison, Telemedicine: Medical , legal and ethical perspectives, Medical Science Monitor: Int. J. of experimental and Clin. Research, vol.16, issue.12, pp.261-272, 2010.

G. Siegal, Telemedicine: Licensing and Other Legal Issues, Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America, vol.44, issue.6, pp.1375-1384, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.otc.2011.08.011

C. Georges, D. Whitehouse, and P. Duquenoy, eHealth: Legal, Ethical and Governance Challenges, 2013.
DOI : 10.1007/978-3-642-22474-4

T. Marmor and C. Wendt, Conceptual frameworks for comparing healthcare politics and policy, Health Policy, vol.107, issue.1, pp.11-20, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.healthpol.2012.06.003

R. Thakur, S. H. Hsu, and G. Fontenot, Innovation in healthcare: Issues and future trends, Journal of Business Research, vol.65, issue.4, pp.562-569, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jbusres.2011.02.022

R. A. Rosenblatt and L. G. Hart, Physicians and rural America, Western Journal of Medicine, vol.173, issue.5, pp.348-351, 2000.
DOI : 10.1136/ewjm.173.5.348

R. Amarasingham, L. Plantinga, M. Diener-west, D. J. Gaskin, and N. R. Powe, Clinical Information Technologies and Inpatient Outcomes, Archives of Internal Medicine, vol.169, issue.2, pp.108-114, 2009.
DOI : 10.1001/archinternmed.2008.520

P. Vegoda, Introducing the ihe (integrating the healthcare enterprise) concept, J. of Healthcare Inf. Management, vol.16, issue.1, pp.22-24, 2002.

C. M. Desroches, R. G. Campbell, S. R. Rao, K. Donelan, T. G. Ferris et al., Electronic Health Records in Ambulatory Care ??? A National Survey of Physicians, New England Journal of Medicine, vol.359, issue.1, pp.965-970, 2008.
DOI : 10.1056/NEJMsa0802005

J. Adler-milstein and D. W. Bates, Paperless healthcare: Progress and challenges of an IT-enabled healthcare system, Business Horizons, vol.53, issue.2, pp.119-130, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.bushor.2009.10.004

R. G. Fichman, R. Kohli, and R. Krishnan, ???The Role of Information Systems in Healthcare: Current Research and Future Trends, Information Systems Research, vol.22, issue.3, pp.419-428, 2011.
DOI : 10.1287/isre.1110.0382

C. Wendt, Mapping European healthcare systems: a comparative analysis of financing, service provision and access to healthcare, Journal of European Social Policy, vol.43, issue.1, pp.432-445, 2009.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1467-9515.2008.00647.x

J. E. Bardam, Pervasive healthcare as a scientific discipline, Methods of Inf. in Med, vol.47, issue.3, pp.178-185, 2008.

K. Hobson, Critics take aim at high-tech care, U.S News & World Report, vol.146, issue.7, pp.76-78, 2009.

H. Lester and F. D. Hobbs, Major policy changes for primary care : potential lessons for the us new model of family medicine from the quality and outcomes framework in the united kingdom, Family Med, vol.39, issue.2, pp.96-102, 2007.

J. M. Renard, R. Beuscart, D. Delerue, and J. M. Geib, Le r??seau ville-h??pital: une nouvelle forme de communication entre professionnels de sant??, ITBM-RBM, vol.21, issue.5, pp.275-280, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S1297-9562(00)90055-X

J. M. Renard, J. F. Kulik, R. Beuscart, and J. M. Geib, Intermediation: a new concept for medical data exchanges, Proceedings of the First Joint BMES/EMBS Conference. 1999 IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology 21st Annual Conference and the 1999 Annual Fall Meeting of the Biomedical Engineering Society (Cat. No.99CH37015), 1999.
DOI : 10.1109/IEMBS.1999.804394

C. Abraham, E. Nishihara, and M. Akiyama, Transforming healthcare with information technology in Japan: A review of policy, people, and progress, International Journal of Medical Informatics, vol.80, issue.3, pp.157-170, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2011.01.002

F. Barbarito, F. Pinciroli, J. Mason, S. Marceglia, and L. Mazzola, Implementing standards for the interoperability among healthcare providers in the public regionalized Healthcare Information System of the Lombardy Region, Journal of Biomedical Informatics, vol.45, issue.4, pp.736-745, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jbi.2012.01.006

A. Lymberis and S. Olsson, Intelligent Biomedical Clothing for Personal Health and Disease Management: State of the Art and Future Vision, Telemedicine Journal and e-Health, vol.9, issue.4, pp.379-386, 2003.
DOI : 10.1089/153056203772744716

B. Charles, Telemedicine can lower costs and improve access, Healthcare Financial Management Assoc, vol.54, issue.4, pp.66-69, 2000.

S. Edelstein, Careful telemedicine planning limits costly liability exposure, Healthcare Financial Management Assoc, vol.53, issue.2, pp.63-69, 1999.

M. Chan, D. Estève, C. Escriba, and E. Campo, A review of smart homes???Present state and future challenges, Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, vol.91, issue.1, pp.55-81, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cmpb.2008.02.001

J. Flower, The future of healthcare. Encyclopedia of the Future, 1996.

N. Genet, W. G. Boerma, D. S. Kringos, A. Bouman, A. L. Francke et al., Home care in Europe: a systematic literature review, BMC Health Services Research, vol.64, issue.1, pp.16-18, 2011.
DOI : 10.4337/9781847206862

N. M. Hjelm, Benefits and drawbacks of telemedicine, Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, vol.11, issue.2, pp.60-70, 2005.
DOI : 10.1258/1357633053499886

A. G. Ekeland, A. Bowes, and S. Flottor, Effectiveness of telemedicine: A systematic review of reviews, International Journal of Medical Informatics, vol.79, issue.11, pp.736-771, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2010.08.006

A. K. Parekh, R. A. Goodman, C. Gordon, and H. K. Koh, Managing Multiple Chronic Conditions: A Strategic Framework for Improving Health Outcomes and Quality of Life, Public Health Reports, vol.304, issue.2, pp.460-471, 2011.
DOI : 10.1001/jama.2010.1513

S. C. Inglis, R. A. Clark, F. A. Mcalister, S. Stewart, and J. G. Cleland, Which components of heart failure programmes are effective? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the outcomes of structured telephone support or telemonitoring as the primary component of chronic heart failure management in 8323 patients: Abridged Coc, European Journal of Heart Failure, vol.116, issue.Suppl 6, pp.1028-1040, 2011.
DOI : 10.1093/eurjhf/hfq128

G. Gibelli, B. Gibelli, and F. Nani, Thyroid cancer: possible role of telemedicine, Acta Otorhinolaryngol Italica, vol.28, issue.6, pp.281-286, 2008.

H. Hoenig, J. A. Sanford, T. Butterfield, P. C. Griffiths, P. Richardson et al., Development of a teletechnology protocol for in-home rehabilitation, The Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development, vol.43, issue.2, pp.287-298, 2006.
DOI : 10.1682/JRRD.2004.07.0089

N. V. Halifax, J. A. Cafazzo, and M. J. Irvine, Telemanagement of hypertension: A qualitative assessment of patient and physician preferences, Canadian Journal of Cardiology, vol.23, issue.7, pp.591-594, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/S0828-282X(07)70807-3

S. Mclean, D. Chandler, U. Nurmatov, J. Liu, C. Pagliari et al., Telehealthcare for asthma: a Cochrane review, Canadian Medical Association Journal, vol.183, issue.11, pp.733-742, 2011.
DOI : 10.1503/cmaj.101146

J. Franek, Home telehealth for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd), " Ontario Health Technology Assessment Series World population ageing 2013, pp.1-58, 2012.

M. C. Mcdermid, H. T. Stelfox, and S. M. Bagshau, Frailty in the critically ill: a novel concept, Critical Care, vol.15, issue.1, p.301, 2011.
DOI : 10.1186/cc9297

Q. L. Xue, The Frailty Syndrome: Definition and Natural History, Clinics in Geriatric Medicine, vol.27, issue.1, pp.1-15, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cger.2010.08.009

S. Hagler, D. Austin, T. L. Hayes, T. Kaye, and M. Pavel, Unobtrusive and Ubiquitous In-Home Monitoring: A Methodology for Continuous Assessment of Gait Velocity in Elders, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, vol.57, issue.4, pp.813-820, 2010.
DOI : 10.1109/TBME.2009.2036732

J. Vermeulen, J. C. Neyens, E. Van-rossum, M. D. Spreeuwenberg, and L. P. De-witte, Predicting ADL disability in community-dwelling elderly people using physical frailty indicators: a systematic review, BMC Geriatrics, vol.50, issue.1, p.33, 2011.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50408.x

Z. Bien and S. W. Lee, Learning Structure of Human Behavior Patterns in a Smart Home System, Quantitative Logic and Soft Computing (Advances in intelligent and Soft Computing), pp.1-15, 2010.
DOI : 10.1007/978-3-642-15660-1_1

W. Bourennane, Y. Charlon, F. Bettahar, M. Chan, D. Estève et al., Ambient Intelligence for Monitoring Alzheimer Patients, International Journal of E-Health and Medical Communications, vol.4, issue.1, pp.23-35, 2013.
DOI : 10.4018/jehmc.2013010103

W. Bourennane, F. Bettahar, and E. Campo, Self adaptive trajectory learning for monitoring the elderly wandering, Int. Conference on Biomedical Engineering (BIOMED), (Austria (Innsbruck)), p, p.6, 2013.

S. C. Peirce, A. R. Hardisty, A. D. Preece, and G. Elwyn, Designing and implementing telemonitoring for early detection of deterioration in chronic disease: Defining the requirements, Health Informatics Journal, vol.374, issue.9691, pp.173-190, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2011.07.002

J. C. Van-haastreqt, E. Van-rossum, J. P. Diederiks, L. P. De-witte, P. M. Voorhoeve et al., Process-evaluation of a home visit programme to prevent falls and mobility impairments among elderly people at risk, Patient Education and Counseling, vol.47, issue.4, pp.301-309, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0738-3991(02)00003-4

E. R. Larsen, L. Mosekilde, and A. Foldspang, Determinants of acceptance of a community-based program for the prevention of falls and fractures among the elderly, Preventive Medicine, vol.33, issue.2, pp.115-119, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0091-7435(01)80007-4

E. Dishman, Inventing wellness systems for aging in place, Computer, vol.37, issue.5, pp.34-41, 2004.
DOI : 10.1109/MC.2004.1297237

D. Hoch and T. Ferguson, What I've Learned from E-Patients, PLoS Medicine, vol.39, issue.8, p.206, 2005.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pmed.0020206.t002

S. Koch, M. Marschollek, K. H. Wolf, M. Plischke, and R. Haux, On health-enabling and ambient-assistive technologies -what has been achieved and where do we have to go?, Methods of Inf. in Med, vol.48, issue.1, pp.29-37, 2009.

L. P. Kaelbing, M. L. Littman, and A. W. Moore, Reinforcement learning: A survey, J. of Artificial Intelligence Research, vol.4, pp.237-285, 1996.

M. Chan, E. Campo, and D. Estève, Prosafe, a multisensory remote monitoring system for the elderly or the handicapped, Int. Conference On Smart homes & health Telematics, p.7, 2011.

T. S. Barger, D. E. Brown, and M. Alwan, Health-Status Monitoring Through Analysis of Behavioral Patterns, Man and Cybernetics, part A: Systems and humans, pp.22-27, 2005.
DOI : 10.1109/TSMCA.2004.838474

R. Hamid, S. Maddi, A. Johnson, A. Bobick, I. Essa et al., A novel sequence representation for unsupervised analysis of human activities, Artificial Intelligence, vol.173, issue.14, pp.1221-1244, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.artint.2009.05.002

P. Rashidi, D. J. Cook, L. B. Holder, and M. Schmitter-edgecombe, Discovering Activities to Recognize and Track in a Smart Environment, IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, vol.23, issue.4, pp.527-539, 2011.
DOI : 10.1109/TKDE.2010.148

J. Boger, J. Hoey, P. Poupartg, C. Boutilier, G. Fernie et al., A Planning System Based on Markov Decision Processes to Guide People With Dementia Through Activities of Daily Living, IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine, vol.10, issue.2, pp.323-333, 2006.
DOI : 10.1109/TITB.2006.864480

T. Tamura, J. Zhou, H. Mizukami, and T. Togawa, A system for monitoring temperature distribution in bed and its application to the assessment of body movement, Physiological Measurement, vol.14, issue.1, pp.33-43, 1993.
DOI : 10.1088/0967-3334/14/1/005

M. Chan, D. Estève, J. Fourniols, C. Escriba, and E. Campo, Smart wearable systems: Current status and future challenges, Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, vol.56, issue.3, pp.137-156, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.artmed.2012.09.003

R. E. Herzlinger, Healthcare reform and its implications for the U.S. economy, Business Horizons, vol.53, issue.2, pp.105-117, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.bushor.2009.10.002

Z. Ma, An Electronic Second Skin, Science, vol.6, issue.22, pp.830-831, 2011.
DOI : 10.1002/smll.201000522

A. J. Chung, D. Kim, and D. Erickson, Electrokinetic microfluidic devices for rapid, low power drug delivery in autonomous microsystems, Lab Chip, vol.25, issue.2, pp.330-338, 2008.
DOI : 10.1002/elps.200305755

J. Lueke and W. A. Moussa, MEMS-Based Power Generation Techniques for Implantable Biosensing Applications, Sensors, vol.13, issue.124, pp.1433-1460, 2011.
DOI : 10.1007/s00542-006-0374-x

A. R. Eliakim, Video capsule endoscopy of the small bowel (PillCam SB), Current Opinion in Gastroenterology, vol.22, issue.2, pp.133-139, 2013.
DOI : 10.1097/01.mog.0000203866.25384.be

. Carmat, Available at: http://www.carmatsa.com, 2016.

A. Davenport, Portable or wearable peritoneal devices the next stop forward for peritoneal dialysis?, Advances in Peritoneal Dialysis, vol.28, pp.97-101, 2012.

H. D. Humes, D. Buffington, A. J. Westover, S. Roy, and W. H. , The bioartificial kidney: current status and future promise, Pediatric Nephrology, vol.39, issue.4, pp.343-351, 2014.
DOI : 10.1007/s10439-011-0256-y

T. S. Dahl and M. N. Boulos, Robots in Health and Social Care: A Complementary Technology to Home Care and Telehealthcare?, Robotics, vol.6, issue.1, pp.1-21, 2013.
DOI : 10.1089/soro.2013.1509

P. Dario, P. F. Verschure, T. Prescott, G. Cheng, G. Sandini et al., Robot Companions for Citizens, Procedia Computer Science, vol.7, pp.47-51, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.procs.2011.12.017

H. M. Gross, C. Schroeter, S. Mueller, M. Volkhardt, E. Einhorn et al., Progress in developing a socially assistive mobile home robot companion for the elderly with mild cognitive impairment, 2011 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, pp.2430-2437, 2011.
DOI : 10.1109/IROS.2011.6094770

M. G. Aspinall and R. G. Hamermesh, Realizing the promise of personalized medicine Population reference bureau Available at, Harvard Business Review, vol.8592, issue.10, pp.108-117, 2007.

A. Piau, Y. Charlon, E. Campo, B. Vellas, and F. Nourhashemi, A Smart Insole to Promote Healthy Aging for Frail Elderly Individuals: Specifications, Design, and Preliminary Results, JMIR Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies, vol.13, issue.10, p.5, 2015.
DOI : 10.1159/000354211