A. Arampatzis, D. Monte, G. Morey-klapsing, and G. , Effect of contraction form and contraction velocity on the differences between resultant and measured ankle joint moments, Journal of Biomechanics, vol.40, issue.7, pp.1622-1628, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2006.06.011

A. Arampatzis, K. Karamanidis, D. Monte, G. Stafilidis, S. Morey-klapsing et al., ) Differences between measured and resultant joint moments during voluntary 399 and artificially elicited isometric knee extension contractions, Clinical biomechanics, vol.19, issue.3, pp.400277-283, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2003.11.011

B. Barry, Z. Riley, M. Pascoe, and R. Enoka, A spinal pathway between synergists can modulate activity in human elbow flexor muscles, Experimental Brain Research, vol.120, issue.Pt 2, pp.347-359, 2008.
DOI : 10.1017/CBO9780511545047

S. Burke, Missing values, outliers, robust statistics & non-parametric methods, LC-GC, vol.404, 2001.

S. Chatterjee and A. Hadi, Influential Observations, High Leverage Points, and Outliers in Linear Regression, Statistical Science, vol.1, issue.3, pp.379-393, 1986.
DOI : 10.1214/ss/1177013622

E. Cherry, L. Brown, J. Coburn, and G. Noffal, Effect of Remote Voluntary Contractions on Knee Extensor Torque and Rate of Velocity Development, Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, vol.24, issue.9, pp.2564-2569, 2010.
DOI : 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181e7f961

A. Cresswell, W. Löscher, and A. Thorstensson, Influence of gastrocnemius muscle length 411 on triceps surae torque development and electromyographic activity in man, pp.283-290, 1995.

M. Appleyard and H. Bliddal, Isokinetic and isometric muscle strength in a healthy 415 population with special reference to age and gender, Acta Physiologica, vol.197, issue.s673, pp.1-68, 2009.

D. Ruiter, C. Hoddenbach, J. Huurnink, A. , D. Haan et al., Relative torque contribution of vastus medialis muscle at different knee angles, Acta Physiologica, vol.21, issue.3, pp.223-237, 2008.
DOI : 10.1152/japplphysiol.00267.2001

S. Deslandes, J. Mariot, and S. Serveto, Offset of rotation centers creates a bias in isokinetics: A virtual model including stiffness or friction, Journal of Biomechanics, vol.41, issue.10, pp.2112-420, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2008.04.038

H. Devanne, L. Cohen, N. Kouchtir-devanne, and C. Capaday, Integrated Motor Cortical 422 Control of Task-Related Muscles During Pointing in Humans, Journal of 423 Neurophysiology, vol.87, issue.6, pp.3006-3017, 2002.

J. Drouin, T. Valovich-mcleod, S. Shultz, B. Gansneder, and D. Perrin, Reliability and 425 validity of the Biodex system 3 pro isokinetic dynamometer velocity, torque and 426 position measurements, European journal of applied physiology, vol.91, issue.1, pp.22-29, 2004.

W. Ebben, A BRIEF REVIEW OF CONCURRENT ACTIVATION POTENTIATION, Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, vol.20, issue.4, pp.985-991, 2006.
DOI : 10.1519/00124278-200611000-00041

W. Ebben, E. Flanagan, and R. Jensen, Jaw clenching results in concurrent activation 430 potentiation during the countermovement jump, Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, vol.431, issue.226, pp.1850-1854, 2008.

W. Ebben, D. Leigh, and C. Geiser, The Effect of Remote Voluntary Contractions on Knee Extensor Torque, Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, vol.40, issue.10, pp.1805-1809, 2008.
DOI : 10.1249/MSS.0b013e31817dc4ad

W. Ebben, E. Petushek, M. Fauth, and L. Garceau, EMG Analysis of Concurrent Activation Potentiation, Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, vol.42, issue.3, pp.556-562, 2010.
DOI : 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181b66499

R. Ehrig, W. Taylor, G. Duda, and M. Heller, A survey of formal methods for determining the centre of rotation of ball joints, Journal of Biomechanics, vol.39, issue.15, pp.2798-438, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2005.10.002

S. Gandevia, Spinal and Supraspinal Factors in Human Muscle Fatigue, Physiological 440 Reviews, vol.81, issue.4, pp.1725-1789, 2001.

D. Hahn, M. Olvermann, J. Richtberg, W. Seiberl, and A. Schwirtz, Knee and ankle joint torque???angle relationships of multi-joint leg extension, Journal of Biomechanics, vol.44, issue.11, pp.2059-443, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.05.011

R. Herbert, C. Dean, and S. Gandevia, Effects of real and imagined training on voluntary 445 muscle activation during maximal isometric contractions, Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, vol.446, issue.1634, pp.361-368, 1998.

H. Hermens, B. Freriks, C. Disselhorst-klug, and G. Rau, Development of recommendations for SEMG sensors and sensor placement procedures, Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, vol.10, issue.5, pp.361-374, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S1050-6411(00)00027-4

W. Herzog, The relation between the resultant moments at a joint and the moments measured by an isokinetic dynamometer, Journal of Biomechanics, vol.21, issue.1, pp.5-12, 1988.
DOI : 10.1016/0021-9290(88)90185-6

J. Hicks, The mechanics of the foot: I. The joints, Journal of Anatomy, vol.87, p.345, 1953.

F. Horak, C. Shupert, and A. Mirka, Components of postural dyscontrol in the elderly: A review, Neurobiology of Aging, vol.10, issue.6, pp.727-738, 1989.
DOI : 10.1016/0197-4580(89)90010-9

K. Kaufman, K. An, and E. Chao, A comparison of intersegmental joint dynamics to isokinetic dynamometer measurements, Journal of Biomechanics, vol.28, issue.10, pp.1243-1256, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0021-9290(94)00176-5

P. Kennedy and A. Cresswell, The effect of muscle length on motor-unit recruitment during isometric plantar flexion in humans, Experimental Brain Research, vol.137, issue.1, pp.58-64, 2001.
DOI : 10.1007/s002210000623

J. Kent-braun, A. Ng, J. Doyle, and T. Towse, Human skeletal muscle responses vary with age and gender during fatigue due to incremental isometric exercise, Journal of Applied Physiology, vol.93, issue.5, pp.1813-1823, 2002.
DOI : 10.1152/japplphysiol.00091.2002

M. Klass, S. Baudry, and J. Duchateau, Age-related decline in rate of torque development is accompanied by lower maximal motor unit discharge frequency during fast contractions, Journal of Applied Physiology, vol.104, issue.3, pp.739-746, 2008.
DOI : 10.1152/japplphysiol.00550.2007

N. Kouchtir-devanne, C. Capaday, C. Fo, P. Derambure, and H. Devanne, Task-dependent changes of motor cortical network excitability during precision grip compared to isolated finger contraction, Journal of Neurophysiology, vol.107, issue.5, pp.1522-1529, 2012.
DOI : 10.1152/jn.00786.2011

J. Lawrence, D. Luca, and C. , Myoelectric signal versus force relationship in different human 469 muscles, Journal of Applied Physiology, vol.54, issue.6, pp.1653-1659, 1983.

A. Lundberg, O. Svensson, G. Nemeth, and G. Selvik, The axis of rotation of the ankle joint, Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery British, vol.71, issue.1, pp.94-99, 1989.

N. Maffiuletti, M. Pensini, and A. Martin, Activation of human plantar flexor muscles 473 increases after electromyostimulation training, Journal of Applied Physiology, vol.92, issue.4, pp.4741383-1392, 2002.

C. Maganaris, Force-length characteristics of the in vivo human gastrocnemius muscle, Clinical Anatomy, vol.16, issue.3, pp.215-223, 2003.
DOI : 10.1002/ca.10064

S. Maxwell, Pairwise multiple comparisons in repeated measures designs, Journal of 478 Educational and Behavioral Statistics, vol.5, issue.3, pp.269-287, 1980.

K. Mcgraw and S. Wong, Forming inferences about some intraclass correlation coefficients., Psychological Methods, vol.1, issue.1, p.30, 1996.
DOI : 10.1037/1082-989X.1.1.30

C. Mcneil, A. Vandervoort, and C. Rice, Peripheral impairments cause a progressive age-related loss of strength and velocity-dependent power in the dorsiflexors, Journal of Applied Physiology, vol.102, issue.5, pp.1962-1968, 2007.
DOI : 10.1152/japplphysiol.01166.2006

A. Moraux, A. Canal, G. Ollivier, I. Ledoux, V. Doppler et al., Ankle dorsi- and plantar-flexion torques measured by dynamometry in healthy subjects from 5 to 80???years, BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, vol.13, issue.1, p.104, 2013.
DOI : 10.1186/1471-2474-13-176
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00808698

J. Perry and G. Bekey, EMG-force relationships in skeletal muscle, Critical Reviews Biomedical Engineering, vol.7, issue.1, pp.1-22, 1981.

M. Ramos and J. Knapik, Instrumentation and techniques for the measurement of muscular 490 strength and endurance in the human body, DTIC Document, p.491, 1978.

Y. Sasaki, T. Ueno, H. Taniguchi, and T. Ohyama, Effect of teeth clenching on isometric and 492 isokinetic strength of ankle plantar flexion, Journal of medical and dental sciences, vol.45, issue.1, p.49329, 1998.

R. Shiavi, C. Frigo, and A. Pedotti, Electromyographic signals during gait: Criteria for envelope filtering and number of strides, Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing, vol.65, issue.2, pp.171-178, 1998.
DOI : 10.1007/BF02510739

A. Shield and S. Zhou, Assessing Voluntary Muscle Activation with the Twitch Interpolation Technique, Sports Medicine, vol.50, issue.3, pp.253-267, 2004.
DOI : 10.1097/00005768-199709000-00001

B. Sidaway and A. Trzaska, Can Mental Practice Increase Ankle Dorsiflexor Torque? 499, Physical therapy, vol.85, issue.10, pp.1053-1060, 2005.

E. Simoneau, A. Martin, and J. Van-hoecke, Effects of joint angle and age on ankle dorsi- and plantar-flexor strength, Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, vol.17, issue.3, pp.307-316, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jelekin.2006.04.005

E. Simoneau, M. Billot, A. Martin, and J. Van-hoecke, Antagonist mechanical contribution to resultant maximal torque at the ankle joint in young and older men, Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, vol.19, issue.2, pp.123-131, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jelekin.2007.11.006

G. Sleivert and H. Wenger, Reliability of measuring isometric and isokinetic peak torque, 506 rate of torque development, integrated electromyography, and tibial nerve conduction 507 velocity, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, vol.75, issue.12, pp.1315-1321, 1994.

G. Todd, R. Gorman, and S. Gandevia, Measurement and reproducibility of strength and voluntary activation of lower-limb muscles, Muscle & Nerve, vol.83, issue.6, pp.834-842, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/S0003-9993(96)90188-4

M. Van-cutsem, J. Duchateau, and K. Hainaut, Changes in single motor unit behaviour contribute to the increase in contraction speed after dynamic training in humans, The Journal of Physiology, vol.19, issue.suppl. 1, pp.295-305, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/0006-8993(79)91019-9

S. Webber and M. Porter, Reliability of Ankle Isometric, Isotonic, and Isokinetic Strength and Power Testing in Older Women, Physical Therapy, vol.90, issue.8, pp.1165-1175, 2010.
DOI : 10.2522/ptj.20090394

D. Winter, Biomechanics and motor control of human movement, 1990.
DOI : 10.1002/9780470549148

L. Cristofolini and H. Witte, ISB recommendation on definitions of joint coordinate 518 system of various joints for the reporting of human joint motion?part I: ankle, hip, and 519 spine, Journal of biomechanics, vol.35, issue.4, pp.543-548, 2002.

I. Zijdewind, S. Toering, B. Bessem, O. Van-der-laan, and R. Diercks, Effects of imagery 521 motor training on torque production of ankle plantar flexor muscles, Muscle & Nerve, vol.522, issue.2, pp.28168-173, 2003.