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. N-hexyl-?-galactonamide,

, Sigma) and hexylamine (0.74 mL, 5.6 mmol, Aldrich) were poured in MeOH (21 mL), stirred and heated under reflux at 70 °C for 3 h. A white precipitate is formed throughout the reaction. After cooling, the solid is filtered through a sintered-glass filter (pore n°4) and washed with MeOH. The solid is washed with EtOH (70 mL) at reflux during 30

, This step is performed twice and the resulting solid is dried under vacuum (1.05 g, 67 % yield). 1 H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO): ?(ppm) / J(Hz): 7.52, vol.6, p.2

, 8 (C4), 69.8 (C5), 69.2 (C3), 13C NMR (125 MHz, DMSO): ?(ppm): 173.3 (CO), 71.0 (C2), vol.70

, ?-galactonic acid, ?-lactone (1 g, 5.6 mmol, Sigma) and heptylamine (0.83 mL, 5.6 mmol

H. Nmr,

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, La dernière étape de ce projet a donc été la mise en forme des hydrogels de Gal-C7. L'idée était ici premièrement de trouver un moyen pour essayer d'aligner les fibres d'hydrogel, pour ensuite orienter la croissance des neurones dans le gel

, Malheureusement cela s'est révélé infructueux puisque les tubes se bouchaient systématiquement. L'étude s'est alors portée sur une autre famille d'hydrogels -les glucamines -qui eux peuvent être extrudés directement grâce à leur propriété de thixotropie, qui est définie comme la variation réversible de la viscosité du gel sous l'effet d'une contrainte. Ce phénomène permet donc l'extrusion directe de l'hydrogel sans détruire son réseau tridimensionnel. Deux molécules

, En effet, le gélifiant est dissout dans un solvant organique avec qui il a beaucoup d'affinité et cette solution est ensuite extrudée dans un bain de « non-solvant » où le gélifiant est peu soluble, provoquant ainsi la formation des fibres constituant le gel lorsque le non-solvant diffuse dans l'autre. Dans notre cas, la molécule de Gal-C7 est dissoute dans du diméthylsulfoxyde (DMSO) et la solution est extrudée dans un bain d'eau ultra pure. L'eau et le DMSO sont des solvants miscibles mais le DMSO étant légèrement plus dense que l'eau, par gravité, celui-ci forme un flux continu lorsqu'il est extrudé à la verticale dans le bain. Le gel prend alors la forme d'un filament, Cette technique de mise en forme d'hydrogel ne se base non pas sur la prise du gel en descente de température, mais par échange de solvant

Y. Ohsedo, M. Oono, K. Saruhashi, and H. Watanabe, N-Alkylamido-D-Glucamine-Based Gelators for the Generation of Thixotropic Gels, vol.4, pp.48554-48558, 2014.